LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - fs - mpage.c (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: fstests of 6.5.0-rc3-djwx @ Mon Jul 31 20:08:22 PDT 2023 Lines: 281 317 88.6 %
Date: 2023-07-31 20:08:22 Functions: 10 12 83.3 %

          Line data    Source code
       1             : // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
       2             : /*
       3             :  * fs/mpage.c
       4             :  *
       5             :  * Copyright (C) 2002, Linus Torvalds.
       6             :  *
       7             :  * Contains functions related to preparing and submitting BIOs which contain
       8             :  * multiple pagecache pages.
       9             :  *
      10             :  * 15May2002    Andrew Morton
      11             :  *              Initial version
      12             :  * 27Jun2002    axboe@suse.de
      13             :  *              use bio_add_page() to build bio's just the right size
      14             :  */
      15             : 
      16             : #include <linux/kernel.h>
      17             : #include <linux/export.h>
      18             : #include <linux/mm.h>
      19             : #include <linux/kdev_t.h>
      20             : #include <linux/gfp.h>
      21             : #include <linux/bio.h>
      22             : #include <linux/fs.h>
      23             : #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
      24             : #include <linux/blkdev.h>
      25             : #include <linux/highmem.h>
      26             : #include <linux/prefetch.h>
      27             : #include <linux/mpage.h>
      28             : #include <linux/mm_inline.h>
      29             : #include <linux/writeback.h>
      30             : #include <linux/backing-dev.h>
      31             : #include <linux/pagevec.h>
      32             : #include "internal.h"
      33             : 
      34             : /*
      35             :  * I/O completion handler for multipage BIOs.
      36             :  *
      37             :  * The mpage code never puts partial pages into a BIO (except for end-of-file).
      38             :  * If a page does not map to a contiguous run of blocks then it simply falls
      39             :  * back to block_read_full_folio().
      40             :  *
      41             :  * Why is this?  If a page's completion depends on a number of different BIOs
      42             :  * which can complete in any order (or at the same time) then determining the
      43             :  * status of that page is hard.  See end_buffer_async_read() for the details.
      44             :  * There is no point in duplicating all that complexity.
      45             :  */
      46     9922038 : static void mpage_read_end_io(struct bio *bio)
      47             : {
      48     9922038 :         struct folio_iter fi;
      49     9922038 :         int err = blk_status_to_errno(bio->bi_status);
      50             : 
      51   125359289 :         bio_for_each_folio_all(fi, bio) {
      52   115437248 :                 if (err)
      53       30049 :                         folio_set_error(fi.folio);
      54             :                 else
      55   115407199 :                         folio_mark_uptodate(fi.folio);
      56   115437249 :                 folio_unlock(fi.folio);
      57             :         }
      58             : 
      59     9922039 :         bio_put(bio);
      60     9922038 : }
      61             : 
      62        5113 : static void mpage_write_end_io(struct bio *bio)
      63             : {
      64        5113 :         struct folio_iter fi;
      65        5113 :         int err = blk_status_to_errno(bio->bi_status);
      66             : 
      67       65857 :         bio_for_each_folio_all(fi, bio) {
      68       60744 :                 if (err) {
      69           0 :                         folio_set_error(fi.folio);
      70           0 :                         mapping_set_error(fi.folio->mapping, err);
      71             :                 }
      72       60744 :                 folio_end_writeback(fi.folio);
      73             :         }
      74             : 
      75        5113 :         bio_put(bio);
      76        5113 : }
      77             : 
      78     9897705 : static struct bio *mpage_bio_submit_read(struct bio *bio)
      79             : {
      80     9915410 :         bio->bi_end_io = mpage_read_end_io;
      81     9897705 :         guard_bio_eod(bio);
      82     9914546 :         submit_bio(bio);
      83     9916740 :         return NULL;
      84             : }
      85             : 
      86        2442 : static struct bio *mpage_bio_submit_write(struct bio *bio)
      87             : {
      88        5113 :         bio->bi_end_io = mpage_write_end_io;
      89        2442 :         guard_bio_eod(bio);
      90        4271 :         submit_bio(bio);
      91         842 :         return NULL;
      92             : }
      93             : 
      94             : /*
      95             :  * support function for mpage_readahead.  The fs supplied get_block might
      96             :  * return an up to date buffer.  This is used to map that buffer into
      97             :  * the page, which allows read_folio to avoid triggering a duplicate call
      98             :  * to get_block.
      99             :  *
     100             :  * The idea is to avoid adding buffers to pages that don't already have
     101             :  * them.  So when the buffer is up to date and the page size == block size,
     102             :  * this marks the page up to date instead of adding new buffers.
     103             :  */
     104           0 : static void map_buffer_to_folio(struct folio *folio, struct buffer_head *bh,
     105             :                 int page_block)
     106             : {
     107           0 :         struct inode *inode = folio->mapping->host;
     108           0 :         struct buffer_head *page_bh, *head;
     109           0 :         int block = 0;
     110             : 
     111           0 :         head = folio_buffers(folio);
     112           0 :         if (!head) {
     113             :                 /*
     114             :                  * don't make any buffers if there is only one buffer on
     115             :                  * the folio and the folio just needs to be set up to date
     116             :                  */
     117           0 :                 if (inode->i_blkbits == PAGE_SHIFT &&
     118             :                     buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
     119           0 :                         folio_mark_uptodate(folio);
     120           0 :                         return;
     121             :                 }
     122           0 :                 create_empty_buffers(&folio->page, i_blocksize(inode), 0);
     123           0 :                 head = folio_buffers(folio);
     124             :         }
     125             : 
     126           0 :         page_bh = head;
     127           0 :         do {
     128           0 :                 if (block == page_block) {
     129           0 :                         page_bh->b_state = bh->b_state;
     130           0 :                         page_bh->b_bdev = bh->b_bdev;
     131           0 :                         page_bh->b_blocknr = bh->b_blocknr;
     132           0 :                         break;
     133             :                 }
     134           0 :                 page_bh = page_bh->b_this_page;
     135           0 :                 block++;
     136           0 :         } while (page_bh != head);
     137             : }
     138             : 
     139             : struct mpage_readpage_args {
     140             :         struct bio *bio;
     141             :         struct folio *folio;
     142             :         unsigned int nr_pages;
     143             :         bool is_readahead;
     144             :         sector_t last_block_in_bio;
     145             :         struct buffer_head map_bh;
     146             :         unsigned long first_logical_block;
     147             :         get_block_t *get_block;
     148             : };
     149             : 
     150             : /*
     151             :  * This is the worker routine which does all the work of mapping the disk
     152             :  * blocks and constructs largest possible bios, submits them for IO if the
     153             :  * blocks are not contiguous on the disk.
     154             :  *
     155             :  * We pass a buffer_head back and forth and use its buffer_mapped() flag to
     156             :  * represent the validity of its disk mapping and to decide when to do the next
     157             :  * get_block() call.
     158             :  */
     159   115437583 : static struct bio *do_mpage_readpage(struct mpage_readpage_args *args)
     160             : {
     161   115437583 :         struct folio *folio = args->folio;
     162   115437583 :         struct inode *inode = folio->mapping->host;
     163   115437583 :         const unsigned blkbits = inode->i_blkbits;
     164   115437583 :         const unsigned blocks_per_page = PAGE_SIZE >> blkbits;
     165   115437583 :         const unsigned blocksize = 1 << blkbits;
     166   115437583 :         struct buffer_head *map_bh = &args->map_bh;
     167   115437583 :         sector_t block_in_file;
     168   115437583 :         sector_t last_block;
     169   115437583 :         sector_t last_block_in_file;
     170   115437583 :         sector_t blocks[MAX_BUF_PER_PAGE];
     171   115437583 :         unsigned page_block;
     172   115437583 :         unsigned first_hole = blocks_per_page;
     173   115437583 :         struct block_device *bdev = NULL;
     174   115437583 :         int length;
     175   115437583 :         int fully_mapped = 1;
     176   115437583 :         blk_opf_t opf = REQ_OP_READ;
     177   115437583 :         unsigned nblocks;
     178   115437583 :         unsigned relative_block;
     179   115437583 :         gfp_t gfp = mapping_gfp_constraint(folio->mapping, GFP_KERNEL);
     180             : 
     181             :         /* MAX_BUF_PER_PAGE, for example */
     182   115437583 :         VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(folio_test_large(folio), folio);
     183             : 
     184   115433446 :         if (args->is_readahead) {
     185   115432418 :                 opf |= REQ_RAHEAD;
     186   115432418 :                 gfp |= __GFP_NORETRY | __GFP_NOWARN;
     187             :         }
     188             : 
     189   115433446 :         if (folio_buffers(folio))
     190         186 :                 goto confused;
     191             : 
     192   115433260 :         block_in_file = (sector_t)folio->index << (PAGE_SHIFT - blkbits);
     193   115433260 :         last_block = block_in_file + args->nr_pages * blocks_per_page;
     194   115433260 :         last_block_in_file = (i_size_read(inode) + blocksize - 1) >> blkbits;
     195   115433260 :         if (last_block > last_block_in_file)
     196             :                 last_block = last_block_in_file;
     197   115433260 :         page_block = 0;
     198             : 
     199             :         /*
     200             :          * Map blocks using the result from the previous get_blocks call first.
     201             :          */
     202   115433260 :         nblocks = map_bh->b_size >> blkbits;
     203   230866520 :         if (buffer_mapped(map_bh) &&
     204   105524692 :                         block_in_file > args->first_logical_block &&
     205   105524660 :                         block_in_file < (args->first_logical_block + nblocks)) {
     206   105524598 :                 unsigned map_offset = block_in_file - args->first_logical_block;
     207   105524598 :                 unsigned last = nblocks - map_offset;
     208             : 
     209   105524598 :                 for (relative_block = 0; ; relative_block++) {
     210   237104274 :                         if (relative_block == last) {
     211     3478604 :                                 clear_buffer_mapped(map_bh);
     212             :                                 break;
     213             :                         }
     214   233625670 :                         if (page_block == blocks_per_page)
     215             :                                 break;
     216   131579333 :                         blocks[page_block] = map_bh->b_blocknr + map_offset +
     217             :                                                 relative_block;
     218   131579676 :                         page_block++;
     219   131579676 :                         block_in_file++;
     220             :                 }
     221   105524956 :                 bdev = map_bh->b_bdev;
     222             :         }
     223             : 
     224             :         /*
     225             :          * Then do more get_blocks calls until we are done with this folio.
     226             :          */
     227   115433618 :         map_bh->b_folio = folio;
     228   125372179 :         while (page_block < blocks_per_page) {
     229     9936194 :                 map_bh->b_state = 0;
     230     9936194 :                 map_bh->b_size = 0;
     231             : 
     232     9936194 :                 if (block_in_file < last_block) {
     233     9934446 :                         map_bh->b_size = (last_block-block_in_file) << blkbits;
     234     9934446 :                         if (args->get_block(inode, block_in_file, map_bh, 0))
     235           0 :                                 goto confused;
     236     9932826 :                         args->first_logical_block = block_in_file;
     237             :                 }
     238             : 
     239    19869148 :                 if (!buffer_mapped(map_bh)) {
     240       33696 :                         fully_mapped = 0;
     241       33696 :                         if (first_hole == blocks_per_page)
     242        8603 :                                 first_hole = page_block;
     243       33696 :                         page_block++;
     244       33696 :                         block_in_file++;
     245       33696 :                         continue;
     246             :                 }
     247             : 
     248             :                 /* some filesystems will copy data into the page during
     249             :                  * the get_block call, in which case we don't want to
     250             :                  * read it again.  map_buffer_to_folio copies the data
     251             :                  * we just collected from get_block into the folio's buffers
     252             :                  * so read_folio doesn't have to repeat the get_block call
     253             :                  */
     254    19802446 :                 if (buffer_uptodate(map_bh)) {
     255           0 :                         map_buffer_to_folio(folio, map_bh, page_block);
     256           0 :                         goto confused;
     257             :                 }
     258             :         
     259     9901568 :                 if (first_hole != blocks_per_page)
     260          32 :                         goto confused;          /* hole -> non-hole */
     261             : 
     262             :                 /* Contiguous blocks? */
     263     9901536 :                 if (page_block && blocks[page_block-1] != map_bh->b_blocknr-1)
     264          12 :                         goto confused;
     265     9901524 :                 nblocks = map_bh->b_size >> blkbits;
     266     9901524 :                 for (relative_block = 0; ; relative_block++) {
     267    21422450 :                         if (relative_block == nblocks) {
     268     6421439 :                                 clear_buffer_mapped(map_bh);
     269             :                                 break;
     270    15001011 :                         } else if (page_block == blocks_per_page)
     271             :                                 break;
     272    11522487 :                         blocks[page_block] = map_bh->b_blocknr+relative_block;
     273    11520926 :                         page_block++;
     274    11520926 :                         block_in_file++;
     275             :                 }
     276     9904865 :                 bdev = map_bh->b_bdev;
     277             :         }
     278             : 
     279   115435985 :         if (first_hole != blocks_per_page) {
     280        8571 :                 folio_zero_segment(folio, first_hole << blkbits, PAGE_SIZE);
     281        8411 :                 if (first_hole == 0) {
     282        8200 :                         folio_mark_uptodate(folio);
     283        8200 :                         folio_unlock(folio);
     284        8200 :                         goto out;
     285             :                 }
     286   115427414 :         } else if (fully_mapped) {
     287   115426431 :                 folio_set_mappedtodisk(folio);
     288             :         }
     289             : 
     290             :         /*
     291             :          * This folio will go to BIO.  Do we need to send this BIO off first?
     292             :          */
     293   115431961 :         if (args->bio && (args->last_block_in_bio != blocks[0] - 1))
     294          98 :                 args->bio = mpage_bio_submit_read(args->bio);
     295             : 
     296   115431912 : alloc_new:
     297   115448630 :         if (args->bio == NULL) {
     298     9918339 :                 args->bio = bio_alloc(bdev, bio_max_segs(args->nr_pages), opf,
     299             :                                       gfp);
     300     9919863 :                 if (args->bio == NULL)
     301           0 :                         goto confused;
     302     9919863 :                 args->bio->bi_iter.bi_sector = blocks[0] << (blkbits - 9);
     303             :         }
     304             : 
     305   115450154 :         length = first_hole << blkbits;
     306   115450154 :         if (!bio_add_folio(args->bio, folio, length, 0)) {
     307       16669 :                 args->bio = mpage_bio_submit_read(args->bio);
     308       16669 :                 goto alloc_new;
     309             :         }
     310             : 
     311   115427798 :         relative_block = block_in_file - args->first_logical_block;
     312   115427798 :         nblocks = map_bh->b_size >> blkbits;
     313   230855596 :         if ((buffer_boundary(map_bh) && relative_block == nblocks) ||
     314             :             (first_hole != blocks_per_page))
     315        1361 :                 args->bio = mpage_bio_submit_read(args->bio);
     316             :         else
     317   115426823 :                 args->last_block_in_bio = blocks[blocks_per_page - 1];
     318   115435787 : out:
     319   115435787 :         return args->bio;
     320             : 
     321         230 : confused:
     322         230 :         if (args->bio)
     323          24 :                 args->bio = mpage_bio_submit_read(args->bio);
     324         230 :         if (!folio_test_uptodate(folio))
     325         230 :                 block_read_full_folio(folio, args->get_block);
     326             :         else
     327           0 :                 folio_unlock(folio);
     328         230 :         goto out;
     329             : }
     330             : 
     331             : /**
     332             :  * mpage_readahead - start reads against pages
     333             :  * @rac: Describes which pages to read.
     334             :  * @get_block: The filesystem's block mapper function.
     335             :  *
     336             :  * This function walks the pages and the blocks within each page, building and
     337             :  * emitting large BIOs.
     338             :  *
     339             :  * If anything unusual happens, such as:
     340             :  *
     341             :  * - encountering a page which has buffers
     342             :  * - encountering a page which has a non-hole after a hole
     343             :  * - encountering a page with non-contiguous blocks
     344             :  *
     345             :  * then this code just gives up and calls the buffer_head-based read function.
     346             :  * It does handle a page which has holes at the end - that is a common case:
     347             :  * the end-of-file on blocksize < PAGE_SIZE setups.
     348             :  *
     349             :  * BH_Boundary explanation:
     350             :  *
     351             :  * There is a problem.  The mpage read code assembles several pages, gets all
     352             :  * their disk mappings, and then submits them all.  That's fine, but obtaining
     353             :  * the disk mappings may require I/O.  Reads of indirect blocks, for example.
     354             :  *
     355             :  * So an mpage read of the first 16 blocks of an ext2 file will cause I/O to be
     356             :  * submitted in the following order:
     357             :  *
     358             :  *      12 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 13 14 15 16
     359             :  *
     360             :  * because the indirect block has to be read to get the mappings of blocks
     361             :  * 13,14,15,16.  Obviously, this impacts performance.
     362             :  *
     363             :  * So what we do it to allow the filesystem's get_block() function to set
     364             :  * BH_Boundary when it maps block 11.  BH_Boundary says: mapping of the block
     365             :  * after this one will require I/O against a block which is probably close to
     366             :  * this one.  So you should push what I/O you have currently accumulated.
     367             :  *
     368             :  * This all causes the disk requests to be issued in the correct order.
     369             :  */
     370     9900629 : void mpage_readahead(struct readahead_control *rac, get_block_t get_block)
     371             : {
     372     9900629 :         struct folio *folio;
     373     9900629 :         struct mpage_readpage_args args = {
     374             :                 .get_block = get_block,
     375             :                 .is_readahead = true,
     376             :         };
     377             : 
     378   125338973 :         while ((folio = readahead_folio(rac))) {
     379   115440535 :                 prefetchw(&folio->flags);
     380   115440494 :                 args.folio = folio;
     381   115440494 :                 args.nr_pages = readahead_count(rac);
     382   115440494 :                 args.bio = do_mpage_readpage(&args);
     383             :         }
     384     9897676 :         if (args.bio)
     385     9896840 :                 mpage_bio_submit_read(args.bio);
     386     9898220 : }
     387             : EXPORT_SYMBOL(mpage_readahead);
     388             : 
     389             : /*
     390             :  * This isn't called much at all
     391             :  */
     392         196 : int mpage_read_folio(struct folio *folio, get_block_t get_block)
     393             : {
     394         196 :         struct mpage_readpage_args args = {
     395             :                 .folio = folio,
     396             :                 .nr_pages = 1,
     397             :                 .get_block = get_block,
     398             :         };
     399             : 
     400         196 :         args.bio = do_mpage_readpage(&args);
     401         196 :         if (args.bio)
     402           5 :                 mpage_bio_submit_read(args.bio);
     403         196 :         return 0;
     404             : }
     405             : EXPORT_SYMBOL(mpage_read_folio);
     406             : 
     407             : /*
     408             :  * Writing is not so simple.
     409             :  *
     410             :  * If the page has buffers then they will be used for obtaining the disk
     411             :  * mapping.  We only support pages which are fully mapped-and-dirty, with a
     412             :  * special case for pages which are unmapped at the end: end-of-file.
     413             :  *
     414             :  * If the page has no buffers (preferred) then the page is mapped here.
     415             :  *
     416             :  * If all blocks are found to be contiguous then the page can go into the
     417             :  * BIO.  Otherwise fall back to the mapping's writepage().
     418             :  * 
     419             :  * FIXME: This code wants an estimate of how many pages are still to be
     420             :  * written, so it can intelligently allocate a suitably-sized BIO.  For now,
     421             :  * just allocate full-size (16-page) BIOs.
     422             :  */
     423             : 
     424             : struct mpage_data {
     425             :         struct bio *bio;
     426             :         sector_t last_block_in_bio;
     427             :         get_block_t *get_block;
     428             : };
     429             : 
     430             : /*
     431             :  * We have our BIO, so we can now mark the buffers clean.  Make
     432             :  * sure to only clean buffers which we know we'll be writing.
     433             :  */
     434       60744 : static void clean_buffers(struct page *page, unsigned first_unmapped)
     435             : {
     436       60744 :         unsigned buffer_counter = 0;
     437       60744 :         struct buffer_head *bh, *head;
     438       60744 :         if (!page_has_buffers(page))
     439             :                 return;
     440       60368 :         head = page_buffers(page);
     441       60368 :         bh = head;
     442             : 
     443       92156 :         do {
     444       92156 :                 if (buffer_counter++ == first_unmapped)
     445             :                         break;
     446       90549 :                 clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
     447       90549 :                 bh = bh->b_this_page;
     448       90549 :         } while (bh != head);
     449             : 
     450             :         /*
     451             :          * we cannot drop the bh if the page is not uptodate or a concurrent
     452             :          * read_folio would fail to serialize with the bh and it would read from
     453             :          * disk before we reach the platter.
     454             :          */
     455       60368 :         if (buffer_heads_over_limit && PageUptodate(page))
     456           0 :                 try_to_free_buffers(page_folio(page));
     457             : }
     458             : 
     459             : /*
     460             :  * For situations where we want to clean all buffers attached to a page.
     461             :  * We don't need to calculate how many buffers are attached to the page,
     462             :  * we just need to specify a number larger than the maximum number of buffers.
     463             :  */
     464           0 : void clean_page_buffers(struct page *page)
     465             : {
     466           0 :         clean_buffers(page, ~0U);
     467           0 : }
     468             : 
     469       61555 : static int __mpage_writepage(struct folio *folio, struct writeback_control *wbc,
     470             :                       void *data)
     471             : {
     472       61555 :         struct mpage_data *mpd = data;
     473       61555 :         struct bio *bio = mpd->bio;
     474       61555 :         struct address_space *mapping = folio->mapping;
     475       61555 :         struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
     476       61555 :         const unsigned blkbits = inode->i_blkbits;
     477       61555 :         const unsigned blocks_per_page = PAGE_SIZE >> blkbits;
     478       61555 :         sector_t last_block;
     479       61555 :         sector_t block_in_file;
     480       61555 :         sector_t blocks[MAX_BUF_PER_PAGE];
     481       61555 :         unsigned page_block;
     482       61555 :         unsigned first_unmapped = blocks_per_page;
     483       61555 :         struct block_device *bdev = NULL;
     484       61555 :         int boundary = 0;
     485       61555 :         sector_t boundary_block = 0;
     486       61555 :         struct block_device *boundary_bdev = NULL;
     487       61555 :         size_t length;
     488       61555 :         struct buffer_head map_bh;
     489       61555 :         loff_t i_size = i_size_read(inode);
     490       61555 :         int ret = 0;
     491       61555 :         struct buffer_head *head = folio_buffers(folio);
     492             : 
     493       61555 :         if (head) {
     494             :                 struct buffer_head *bh = head;
     495             : 
     496             :                 /* If they're all mapped and dirty, do it */
     497             :                 page_block = 0;
     498       97059 :                 do {
     499      194118 :                         BUG_ON(buffer_locked(bh));
     500      194118 :                         if (!buffer_mapped(bh)) {
     501             :                                 /*
     502             :                                  * unmapped dirty buffers are created by
     503             :                                  * block_dirty_folio -> mmapped data
     504             :                                  */
     505       10740 :                                 if (buffer_dirty(bh))
     506          12 :                                         goto confused;
     507        5358 :                                 if (first_unmapped == blocks_per_page)
     508        2097 :                                         first_unmapped = page_block;
     509        5358 :                                 continue;
     510             :                         }
     511             : 
     512       91689 :                         if (first_unmapped != blocks_per_page)
     513         490 :                                 goto confused;  /* hole -> non-hole */
     514             : 
     515      273570 :                         if (!buffer_dirty(bh) || !buffer_uptodate(bh))
     516          27 :                                 goto confused;
     517       91172 :                         if (page_block) {
     518       30591 :                                 if (bh->b_blocknr != blocks[page_block-1] + 1)
     519         200 :                                         goto confused;
     520             :                         }
     521       90972 :                         blocks[page_block++] = bh->b_blocknr;
     522       90972 :                         boundary = buffer_boundary(bh);
     523       90972 :                         if (boundary) {
     524         181 :                                 boundary_block = bh->b_blocknr;
     525         181 :                                 boundary_bdev = bh->b_bdev;
     526             :                         }
     527       90972 :                         bdev = bh->b_bdev;
     528       96330 :                 } while ((bh = bh->b_this_page) != head);
     529             : 
     530       60368 :                 if (first_unmapped)
     531       60368 :                         goto page_is_mapped;
     532             : 
     533             :                 /*
     534             :                  * Page has buffers, but they are all unmapped. The page was
     535             :                  * created by pagein or read over a hole which was handled by
     536             :                  * block_read_full_folio().  If this address_space is also
     537             :                  * using mpage_readahead then this can rarely happen.
     538             :                  */
     539           0 :                 goto confused;
     540             :         }
     541             : 
     542             :         /*
     543             :          * The page has no buffers: map it to disk
     544             :          */
     545         458 :         BUG_ON(!folio_test_uptodate(folio));
     546         458 :         block_in_file = (sector_t)folio->index << (PAGE_SHIFT - blkbits);
     547             :         /*
     548             :          * Whole page beyond EOF? Skip allocating blocks to avoid leaking
     549             :          * space.
     550             :          */
     551         458 :         if (block_in_file >= (i_size + (1 << blkbits) - 1) >> blkbits)
     552           0 :                 goto page_is_mapped;
     553         458 :         last_block = (i_size - 1) >> blkbits;
     554         458 :         map_bh.b_folio = folio;
     555        1973 :         for (page_block = 0; page_block < blocks_per_page; ) {
     556             : 
     557        1597 :                 map_bh.b_state = 0;
     558        1597 :                 map_bh.b_size = 1 << blkbits;
     559        1597 :                 if (mpd->get_block(inode, block_in_file, &map_bh, 1))
     560          78 :                         goto confused;
     561        3038 :                 if (!buffer_mapped(&map_bh))
     562           0 :                         goto confused;
     563        3038 :                 if (buffer_new(&map_bh))
     564        1327 :                         clean_bdev_bh_alias(&map_bh);
     565        3038 :                 if (buffer_boundary(&map_bh)) {
     566           5 :                         boundary_block = map_bh.b_blocknr;
     567           5 :                         boundary_bdev = map_bh.b_bdev;
     568             :                 }
     569        1519 :                 if (page_block) {
     570        1138 :                         if (map_bh.b_blocknr != blocks[page_block-1] + 1)
     571           4 :                                 goto confused;
     572             :                 }
     573        1515 :                 blocks[page_block++] = map_bh.b_blocknr;
     574        1515 :                 boundary = buffer_boundary(&map_bh);
     575        1515 :                 bdev = map_bh.b_bdev;
     576        1515 :                 if (block_in_file == last_block)
     577             :                         break;
     578        1515 :                 block_in_file++;
     579             :         }
     580         376 :         BUG_ON(page_block == 0);
     581             : 
     582             :         first_unmapped = page_block;
     583             : 
     584       60744 : page_is_mapped:
     585             :         /* Don't bother writing beyond EOF, truncate will discard the folio */
     586       60744 :         if (folio_pos(folio) >= i_size)
     587           0 :                 goto confused;
     588       60744 :         length = folio_size(folio);
     589       60744 :         if (folio_pos(folio) + length > i_size) {
     590             :                 /*
     591             :                  * The page straddles i_size.  It must be zeroed out on each
     592             :                  * and every writepage invocation because it may be mmapped.
     593             :                  * "A file is mapped in multiples of the page size.  For a file
     594             :                  * that is not a multiple of the page size, the remaining memory
     595             :                  * is zeroed when mapped, and writes to that region are not
     596             :                  * written out to the file."
     597             :                  */
     598        1366 :                 length = i_size - folio_pos(folio);
     599        1366 :                 folio_zero_segment(folio, length, folio_size(folio));
     600             :         }
     601             : 
     602             :         /*
     603             :          * This page will go to BIO.  Do we need to send this BIO off first?
     604             :          */
     605       60744 :         if (bio && mpd->last_block_in_bio != blocks[0] - 1)
     606         621 :                 bio = mpage_bio_submit_write(bio);
     607             : 
     608       60123 : alloc_new:
     609       60744 :         if (bio == NULL) {
     610        5844 :                 bio = bio_alloc(bdev, BIO_MAX_VECS,
     611             :                                 REQ_OP_WRITE | wbc_to_write_flags(wbc),
     612             :                                 GFP_NOFS);
     613        5113 :                 bio->bi_iter.bi_sector = blocks[0] << (blkbits - 9);
     614        5113 :                 wbc_init_bio(wbc, bio);
     615             :         }
     616             : 
     617             :         /*
     618             :          * Must try to add the page before marking the buffer clean or
     619             :          * the confused fail path above (OOM) will be very confused when
     620             :          * it finds all bh marked clean (i.e. it will not write anything)
     621             :          */
     622       60780 :         wbc_account_cgroup_owner(wbc, &folio->page, folio_size(folio));
     623       60780 :         length = first_unmapped << blkbits;
     624       60780 :         if (!bio_add_folio(bio, folio, length, 0)) {
     625          36 :                 bio = mpage_bio_submit_write(bio);
     626          36 :                 goto alloc_new;
     627             :         }
     628             : 
     629       60744 :         clean_buffers(&folio->page, first_unmapped);
     630             : 
     631       60744 :         BUG_ON(folio_test_writeback(folio));
     632       60744 :         folio_start_writeback(folio);
     633       60744 :         folio_unlock(folio);
     634       60744 :         if (boundary || (first_unmapped != blocks_per_page)) {
     635        1793 :                 bio = mpage_bio_submit_write(bio);
     636        1793 :                 if (boundary_block) {
     637         186 :                         write_boundary_block(boundary_bdev,
     638         186 :                                         boundary_block, 1 << blkbits);
     639             :                 }
     640             :         } else {
     641       58951 :                 mpd->last_block_in_bio = blocks[blocks_per_page - 1];
     642             :         }
     643       60744 :         goto out;
     644             : 
     645         811 : confused:
     646         811 :         if (bio)
     647         221 :                 bio = mpage_bio_submit_write(bio);
     648             : 
     649             :         /*
     650             :          * The caller has a ref on the inode, so *mapping is stable
     651             :          */
     652         811 :         ret = block_write_full_page(&folio->page, mpd->get_block, wbc);
     653         811 :         mapping_set_error(mapping, ret);
     654       61555 : out:
     655       61555 :         mpd->bio = bio;
     656       61555 :         return ret;
     657             : }
     658             : 
     659             : /**
     660             :  * mpage_writepages - walk the list of dirty pages of the given address space & writepage() all of them
     661             :  * @mapping: address space structure to write
     662             :  * @wbc: subtract the number of written pages from *@wbc->nr_to_write
     663             :  * @get_block: the filesystem's block mapper function.
     664             :  *
     665             :  * This is a library function, which implements the writepages()
     666             :  * address_space_operation.
     667             :  */
     668             : int
     669        4599 : mpage_writepages(struct address_space *mapping,
     670             :                 struct writeback_control *wbc, get_block_t get_block)
     671             : {
     672        4599 :         struct mpage_data mpd = {
     673             :                 .get_block      = get_block,
     674             :         };
     675        4599 :         struct blk_plug plug;
     676        4599 :         int ret;
     677             : 
     678        4599 :         blk_start_plug(&plug);
     679        4599 :         ret = write_cache_pages(mapping, wbc, __mpage_writepage, &mpd);
     680        4599 :         if (mpd.bio)
     681        2442 :                 mpage_bio_submit_write(mpd.bio);
     682        4599 :         blk_finish_plug(&plug);
     683        4599 :         return ret;
     684             : }
     685             : EXPORT_SYMBOL(mpage_writepages);

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